wá, adv.,
woe, ill; 183. [Go. wai]
wacian, w2.,
keep watch; (be awake); imp. sg. waca, 660 [< Gmc. *wakén < IE. *weg`- 'to be strong, be lively' (Watkins 95:weg-
2/Pokorny
ueg`- 1118); cf. OE. wicca 'sorcerer, wizard', OE. wicce 'witch' (> MnE. witch, wicked, wicca) < Gmc. *wikkjaz 'necromancer ( = 'one who
wakes the dead')]. see below wæccan & wæcnan.
wada, -o, -u, see
wæd.
wadan, VI,
go, advance; pret. 3 sg. wód, 714, 2661. [
wade] --Cpds.: on-, þurh-.
ge-wadan, VI,
go, advance (to a certain point); pp. gewaden, 220.
wág, m.,
wall; ds. -e, 1662; dp. -um, 995. [Go. -waddjus, OS. wég]
wala(**), wk.m. (or m. -u.?),
**re-inforced crest (on a helmet) (see
diagram of Anglo-Saxon grim-helm); as.(?), walan, 1031. [cp. 'mark of blow', 'ridge'>
wale; Go. walus 'staff']
waldend, see
wealdend.
wald-swaþu**, f. (or -swæþ, n.),
forest-track, -path; dp. -swaþum, 1403. [
wold; see swaðu]
wan, adj., see
won(n).
wandrian, w2.,
wander, rove, circle; pret. 3 sg. wandrode, [F. 34].
wang, see
wong.
wanian, w2.,
(1) intr.,
wane, diminish, waste away; 1607.
(2) trans.,
lessen, diminish; pret. 3 sg. warode, 1253, 1265. [OS. warón, Ger. wahren]
waroð, m.,
shore; ds. -e, 234; ap. -as, 1965. [OHG. werid; Ger. Werder]
wást, wát, see
witan.
waðol**, adj.,
wandering; [F. 8]. [cp. MHG. wadel, OHG. wadalón, wallón, OE. weallian] (B.-T.: wáðol, from wáð, f., 'wandering')
wæccan, w3.2., (Siev. §417 n.10),
watch, be awake; pres. ptc. wæccende, 708; asm., uninfl. 2841, wæccendne, 1268. see wacian [< Gmc. *wakjan 'to be awake'- see
wacian above for etym. notes].
wæcnan(*), VI, w1. (Siev. § 393 n.2),
waken, arise, spring, be born; 85; pret. 3 sg. wóc, 1265, 1960; 3 pl. wócun, 60. [Go. wakan, -waknan < Gmc. *waknan 'to wake' - see
wacian above for etym. notes] --Cpd.: on-.
wæd*, n.,
water, sea; (pl. w/ sg. meaning); np. wado, 546; gp. wada, 508. [cp. wadan]
ge-waéde, n. -ja.,
dress, equipment, armour; ap. gewaédu, 292. [waéd >
weeds] --Cpds.: bréost-, eorl-, gúð-.
waéfre*, adj. -ja.,
restless; 2420; nsn., 1150;
wandering; nsm., 1331. [cf. wáfian; Go. waibjan]
waég-bora**, wk.m.,
wave-roamer; 1440. [see wég; beran (borian?)] (Etymological meanings proposed: 'wave-bearer, -bringer, -traveller, -piercer, -disturber', 'offspring of the waves')
waége(*), n. -ja.,
cup, flagon; as., (faéted) waége: 2253, 2282. [OS. wégi] --Cpds.: ealo-, líð-.
waég-holm**, m.,
(billowy) sea; as., 217.
waég-líðend(e)*, m. -c. (pres. ptc.)[pl.],
seafarer; dp. -líðeundum, [3158].
Waég-mundingas, m.p.,
the family to which Wíhstán, Wígláf, and Béowulf belong; gp. -a, 2607, 2814.
waég-sweord**, n.,
sword with wavy ornamentation ( =
damascened/pattern-welded sword); as., 1489.
wæl, n.,
those slain in battle (collect.),
corpse(?); as., 448, 1212, 3027; np. walu, 1042; --
slaughter, field of battle; ds. wæle, 1113; as. wæl, 635. [cp. OE. wól, wæl-cyrge (Ice. val-kyrja) 'chooser of the slain', 'valkyrie'; OS. wal-(dád), OHG. wal, Ice. valr; ON. Val-halla 'hall of the slain' ('Odin's hall'); (cuneiform & hieroglyphic) Luv. wal= 'die'] --Cpd.: Frés-.
wæl-bed(d)*, f. -jó.,
bed of death; ds. bedde, 964.
wæl-bend**, f. -jó.,
deadly bond; ap. -e, 1936.
wæl-bléat**, adj.,
deadly, mortal; asf. -e, 2725. see bléate.
wæl-déað**, m.,
murderous death; 695.
wæl-dréor*, m. or n.,
blood/gore of slaughter; ds. -e, 1631.
wæl-faéhð**, adj.,
deadly feud; gp. -a, 2028.
wæl-fág**, adj.,
slaughter-stained; asm. -ne, 1128.
wæl-feal(l)(**), m.,
slaughter; ds. -fealle, 1711. see wæl-fyl(l).
wæl-fús**, adj.,
ready for death, eager for slaughter(?); 2420.
wæl-fyl(l), m. -i.,
slaughter; gp. -fylla, 3155. see wæl-feal(l).
wæl-fyllo**, wk.f.,
abundance of (the) slain, fill of slaughter; ds. -fylle, 125. [full]
wæl-fýr**, n.,
murderous fire; ds. -e, 2582;
funeral fire, fire for the slain; gp. -a, 1119.
wæl-gaést**, m. -i.
murderous spirit; 1331; as., 1995. see gást.
wæl-hlem(m)**, m. -ja.(?),
slaughter-blow, onslaught; as. -hlem, 2969.
wæll-seax**, n.,
slaughter-seax, battle-knife; ds. -e, 2703.
wælm, see
wylm.
wæl-níð*, m.,
deadly hate, hostility; 3000; ds. -e, 85; np. -as, 2065.
wæl-raés**, m.,
murderous onslaught, bloody conflict; 2947; ds. -e, 824, 2531; as. -raés, 2101.
waél-ráp**, m.,
water-rope/fetter (i.e.
ice); ap. -as, 1610. [waél 'deep pool', 'stream',
weel (dial.); Go. -raips] (alternatively (as Kock), wæl-rápas, 'slaughter/quelling chains')
wæl-réaf, n.,
spoil of battle; as., 1205.
wæl-réc**, m. -i.,
deadly (reek) fumes; as., 2661.
wæl-réow, adj.,
fierce in battle; 629.
wæl-rest*, f. -jó.(?),
bed of slaughter; as. -e, 2902.
Wæls, m.,
father of Sigemund; gs. -es, 897. [cf. Goth, walis, γνησιος, 'genuine', 'legitimate']
wæl-sceaft**, m.,
slaughter-(shaft, i.e.
) spear; ap. -as, 398.
Wælsing, m.,
son of Wæls, (i.e.
Sigemund); gs. -es, 877. [cf. ON. Volsungr]
wæl-sliht, m. -i.,
slaughter; gp. -a, [F. 28]. [sléan; ON. *slahtr>slaughter]
wæl-steng**, m. -i.,
pole of/for the slain; ds. -e, 1638.
wæl-stów, f.,
place of the slain/slaughter, battle-field; ds. (or gs.) -e, 2051, 2984. [cp. Ger. Wa(h)lstatt]
waén (wægn), m.,
wain, waggon; 3134.
waépen, n.,
weapon; 1660; gs. waépnes, 1467; ds. waépne, 2965, 1664 (is.); as. waépen, 685, 1573, 2519, 2687; gp. waépna, 434, 1045, 1452, 1509, 1559; dp. waépnum, 250, 331, 2038, 2395; ap. waépen, 292. [Go. *wépn] --Cpds.: hilde-, sige-.
waépned-mon(n), m. -c.
(be)weaponed person/man, i.e.,
male creature, man; ds. -men, 1284.
waér, f.,
agreement, treaty; as. -e, 1100; --
protection, keeping; ds. -e, 3109; as. -e, 27. [OHG. wára; cp. OS. OHG. wár, Go. -wérjan; Lat. verus] --Cpd.: frioðo-.
wærc, m.,
pain, suffering; labour, difficulty, distress; as. wærc, [1721]; dp. wærcum, [1638]. --
wærce (is.), adv., in: wærce wesan,
be painful, grievous; [1418].
waére, waéran, -on, wæs, see
eom.
wæstm, m.,
growth, stature, form; dp. -um, 1352. [weaxan] --Cpd.: here-.
wæter, n.,
water, sea; 93, 1416, 1514, 1631; gs. wæteres, 471, 516, 1693, 2791; ds. wætere, 1425, 1656, 2722, wætre 2854; as. wæter, 509, 1364, 1619, 1904, 1989, 2473. [Go. wató, Ger. Wasser, OHG. wassar < Gmc. *watar < IE. *wod-ór < IE. *wed- 'water, wet' (Watkins 95:wed-
1/Pokorny 9. a
u(e)- 78); cf. Gr. 'υδωρ 'water', Hit. wátar 'water']
wæter-egesa*, wk.m.,
water-terror, dreadful water(?); as. -egesan, 1260.
wæter-ýð**, f. -jó.,
wave of the sea; dp. -um, 2242.
wé, see
ic.
wéa, wk.m.,
woe, misery, trouble; 936; as. wéan, 191, 423, 1206, 1991, 2292, 2937, [3000]; gp. wéana, 148, 933, 1150, 1396, [F. [25]]. cp. wá.
wéa-daéd*, f. -i.,
deed of woe; np. -a, [F. 8].
weal(l), m.,
wall (artificial or natural; of building, cave, rock, elevated shore [229, 572, 1224]); gs. wealles, 2323; ds. wealle, 229, 785, 891, 1573, 2307, 2526, 2542, 2716, 2759, 3060, 3103, 3161; as. weal, 326; ap. weallas, 572, 1224. [fr. Lat. vallum] --Cpds.: bord-, eorð-, saé-, scild-.
wéa-láf(*), f.,
woeful remnant, survivors of calamity; as. -e, 1084, 1098.
ge-wealc, n.,
rolling; as., 464. [cp.
walk, OE> wealc(i)an]
ge-weald, n.,
power, control; as., 79, 654, 764, 808, 903, 950, 1087, 1610, 1684, 1727; dp. mid gewealdum,
of his own accord, 2221.
wealdan, redup.,
control, have power over, rule, wield, possess; w/ dat. (instr.); 2038, 2390, 2574 (instr.), 2827, 2984 (gen.?); pret. 1 sg. wéold, 465; 3 sg. ~, 30, 1057, 2379, 2595; 3 pl. wéoldon, 2051 (gen.?); --w/ gen.; pres. 1 sg. wealde, 1859; pret. 1 sg. wéold, 1770; 3 sg. ~, 702; --abs.; inf., 2574(?); 442b: gif hé wealdan (
manage) mót (a set expression, see 'Genesis' l.2785b, 'Heliand' 220b).
ge-wealdan, redup.,
control, wield; w/ dat.; pret. 3 sg. gewéold, 2703; --w/ gen.; inf., 1509; --w/ acc.; pret. 3 sg. gewéold, 1554 (
bring about); pp. apm. gewealdene (
subject), 1732 (cp. Lat. 'subditum facere').
ge-wealden, see
ge-wealdan.
wealdend, m. -c.,
ruler, wielder, i.e.,
God; abs., waldend, 1693; gs. wealdendes, 2857, waldendes 2292, 3109; ds. wealdende, 2329; --w/ gen. (wuldres, ylda, etc.); ns. wealdend, 17, waldend 1661, 1752, 2741, 2875; as. ~, 183.
Wealh-þéo(w) (the form with final
w in 612 only), str. & wk.f.,
Hróðgár's queen; 612, 1162, 1215, 2173; ds. -þéön, 629; as. -þéo, 664. [wealh 'foreign', 'Celtic', 'Welsh', 'Gaulish'; þéow 'captive' (carried off in war) - misapplied epithet of Ýrse??, see Malone 1926]
weallan, redup.,
well, surge, boil; pres. ptc. nsn. weallende, 847, npn. ~, 546, weallendu 581; pret. 3 sg. wéol, 515, 849, 1131, 1422, wéoll 2136, 2593, 2693, 2714, 2882, weall, 2225; --fig., of emotions; (subject: hreðer, bréost,) pret. 3 sg. wéoll, 2113, 2331, 2599 (~ sefa wið sorgum); (subject: wælníðas,) pres. 3 pl. weallað, 2065; pres. ptc. asf. (sorge) weallinde, 2464. [Go. wulan]
weall-clif**, n.,
cliff (see weal(l)); as., 3132.
weard, m.,
ward(en), watchman, guardian, keeper, lord, possessor; 229, 286, 921, 1741, 2239, 2413, 2513, 2580, 3060; as. ~, 2524, 2841, 3066; vs. ~, 1390. [Go. (daúra-)wards] --Cpds.: bát-, eorð-, éþel-, gold-, hord-, hýð-, land-, ren-, sele-, yrfe-; hláford (contract., orig. = hláf-weard 'loaf-guard'); or-wearde.
weard, f.,
ward, watch, vigil; as. -e, 319. --Cpds.: aég-, eoton-, ferh-, héafod-.
weardian, w2.,
ward, guard, (*)occupy; pret. 3 sg. weardode, 105, 1237; 1 pl. weardodon, 2075; --lást weardian:
(1) follow; pret. 3 sg. weardode, 2164 (w/ dat.).
(2) remain behind; inf., 971; so: swaðe weardian; pret. 3 sg. weardade, 2098 (w/ dat.).
wearn, f.,
(hindrance), **refusal; as. wearne (getéoh,
refuse, cp. forwyrnan), 366. --Cpd.: un-wearnum.
wéa-spel(l)**, n.,
tidings of woe; ds. -spelle, 1315.
weaxan, redup.,
wax, grow, increase, flourish; 3115; pres. 3 sg. weaxeð, 1741; pret. 3 sg. wéox, 8. [Go. wahsjan]
ge-weaxan, redup.,
wax, increase; pret. 3 sg. gewéox, 66;
develop (so as to bring something about, tó): ~, 1711.
web(b)(**)+, n. -ja.,
web, tapestry; np. web, 995. --cp. freoðu-webbe, ge-wif.
weccan, w1.,
wake, rouse, stir up; weccean, 2046, 3024; weccan, 3144 (
kindle); pret. 3 sg. wehte, 2854. [Go. (us-)wakjan; see OE. wæccan, wæcnan] --Cpd.: tó-.
wed(d), n. -ja.,
pledge; ds. wede, 2998. [Go. wadi; OE. weddian>MnE.
wed]
weder, n.,
weather; np., 1136; gp. -a, 546.
Wederas, m.p., =
Weder-Géatas (cf. Hréðas, 'Elene' l.58=Hréð-Gotan, l.20); gp. Wedera, and (in the second part of the MS, except 2186 & 2336, regularly:) Wedra; 423, 498, 2120; ~ léode (-a, -um), 225, 697, 1894, 2900, 3156; ~ léod, 341; ~ þíoden (helm), 2336, 2462, 2656, 2705, 2786, 3037.
Weder-Géatas, see
Géatas.
Weder-mearc, f.,
land of the (Weder-)Geats; ds. -e, 298. (cf. (Den-)mark)
weg,m.,
way; as. in
on weg, away, 264, 763, 844, 1382, 1430, 2096; [on wæg, F. 43]. [Go. wigs] --Cpds.: feor-, fold-, forð-, wíd-.
wég (waég)(*), m.,
wave; as., 3132. [Go. wégs, Ger. Woge]
wegan, V,
carry, wear, have (feelings); 3015; pres. 3 sg. wigeð, 599; opt. 3 sg. wege, 2250; pret. 1 sg. wæg, 1777; 3 sg. ~, 152 (
carry on), 1207, 1931, 2464, 2704, 2780. [
weigh; Go. (ga-)wigan] --Cpd.: æt-.
ge-wegan**, V,
fight; 2400. [ON. vega; cp. OE. wígan]
wég-flota (waég-)*, wk.m.,
wake-floater, ship; as. -flotan, 1907.
wehte, see
weccan.
wél, well, adv. (always stressed),
well, very much, rightly; wél, 186, 289, 639, 1045, 1792, 1821, 1833, 1854, 2570, 2601, 2855; well, 1951, 2162, 2812. [
well dial.
weel; Go. waíla]
Wéland, m.,
famous smith of Germanic legend; gs. -es, 455. [cf. ON. vél 'artifice'; High German Wielant(d), ON. Volundr; MnE. Wayland (dial. pronunc.)] see n.455.
wél-hwylc(*), pron.,
every (one); adj.: gpm. -ra, 1344; --subst., nsm. wélhwylc, 266; asn. (
everything) ~, 874.
welig, adj.,
wealthy, rich; asm. -ne, 2607.
wél-þungen(*), adj. (pp.),
accomplishd, excellent; nsf., 1927 (or: wél þungen?). [see þéon, I]
wén, f. -i.,
expectation; 734, 1873, 2323, 2910; as., 383, 1845 (
something to be expected, likely); dp. wénum, 2895. [Go. wéns, Ger. Wahn] --cp. orwéna.
wénan, w1.,
ween, expect, think; w/ inf.: pret. 1 sg. wénde, 933; w/ þæt-clause: pres. 1 sg. wén' ic, 338, 442, wéne (ic) 1184; pret. 3 sg. wénde, 2329; 3 pl. wéndon, 937, 1604; --(
expect;) w/ gen.: pres. 1 sg. wéne, 272 (
think), 2522; w/ gen. & inf.: inf., 185; w/ gen. & tó (
from): inf., 157; pres. 1 sg. wéne (ic), 525, wéne 2923; 3 sg. wéneþ, 600; w/ gen. & þæt-clause: pret. 3 sg. wénde, 2239; 3 pl. wéndon, 778, 1596; w/ tó: pres. 1 sg. wéne, 1396. [Go. wénjan]
wendan, w1.,
turn; pres. 3 sg. wendeð, 1739 (intr.). [
wend; windan; Go. wandjan] --Cpd.: on-.
ge-wendan, w1.,
turn (trans.); pret. 3 sg. gewende, 315;
change (trans.), inf. 186.
Wendlas (or
Wendle), m.p.,
Vandals(?) or
inhabitants of Vendel in Uppland, Sweden, or
inhabitants of Vendill in North Jutland (mod. Vendsyssel); gp. Wendla, 348.
wennan, w1.,
(accustom, attach to oneself), *entertain, present; pret. opt. 3 sg. wenede, 1091. [ON. venja] --Cpd.: be-.
Wéoh-stán (Wéox-), see
Wíh-stán.
weora, gp., see
wer.
weorc, n.,
work, deed; (see word); gs. weorces, 2299; ds. weorce, 1568; as. weorc, 74, 1656; gp. worca, 289; dp. weorcum, 2096; worcum, 1100, 1833; --Cpds.: ellen-, heaðo-, niht-; ge-weorc.
ge-weorc, n.,
work; gs. geweorces, 2711; --
(something wrought), handiwork; ns. geweorc, 455, 1562, 1681; as. ~, 2717, 2774. --Cpds.: aér-, fyrn-, gúð-, hond-, land-, níþ-.
weorod, see
werod.
weorpan, III,
throw; w/ acc., pret. 3 sg. wearp, 1531; w/ instr. (
throw out,), ~ 2582; --**w/ acc. of pers. & (instr.) gen. of thing (wæteres),
sprinkle; inf., 2791. [Go. waírpan; MnE.
warp] --Cpds.: for-, ofer-.
weorð, adj.,
valued, dear, honoured; 1814; comp. weorþre, 1902. [Go. waírþs; MnE.
worth] see wyrðe, weorðian.
weorð, n.,
worth, value, price; treasure; ds. -e, 2496. [Go. waírþ(s)]
weorðan, III,
I. happen, come to pass, arise; 2526, 3068; pret. 3 sg. wearð, 767, 1280, 1302, 2003; pp. geworden, 1304, 3078. --w/ tó & dat.,
(turn to), become, prove a source of; inf., 1707; pret. 1 sg. wearð, 2501; 3 sg. ~, 460, 905, 1261, 1330, 1709, 2071, 2078, 2384; 3 pl. wurdon, 2204; opt.(?) 2 sg. wurde, 587; --w/ pred. adj. or noun,
become; inf., wurðan, 807; pres. 3 sg. weorðeð, 2913; 3 pl. weorðað, 2066, wurðaþ 282; pret. 3 sg. wearð, 77, 149, 409, 555, 753, 753, 816, 818, 913, 1255, 1269, 1775, 2378, 2392, 2482, 2612; 3 pl. wurdon, 228; opt. 3 sg. wurde, 2731; similarly, pret. 3 sg.: on fylle wearð ('fell'), 1544.
II. as an auxiliary (verb), w/ pp. of trans. verbs; inf. weorðan, 3177; pres. 3 sg. weorþeð, 414; pret. 3 sg. wearð, 6, 902, 1072, 1239, 1437, 1947, 2310, 2692, 2842, 2961, 2983; w/ pp. of intr. verbs: pret. 3 sg. wearð, 823, 1234.
[Go. waírþan, Ger. werden; cp. Lat. vertere]
ge-weorðan, III,
I. auxiliary, w/ pp. of trans. verb: pret. 3 sg. gewearð, 3061.
II. impers., w/ acc. of pers. & gen. of thing,
suit, seem good, (pers.:)
agree upon, decide; (w/ following þæt-clause:) pret. 3 sg. gewearð, 1598 (
agree in thinking); pp. ([h]afað) geworden, 2026;
(agree upon), settle, inf. 1996.
weorð-ful(l) (**)+, adj.,
worthy, illustrious; supl. -fullost, 3099.
weorðian, w2.,
honour, exalt; adorn; pret. 1 sg. weorðode, 2096; opt. 3 sg. weorþode, 1090; pp. geweorðad, 250, 1450; geweorðod, 1959, 2176; gewurþad, 331, 1038, 1645. [weorð] --Cpd.: wíg-geweorþad.
weorð-líce, adv.,
worthily, splendidly; supl. -lícost, 3161; [comp. wurþlícor, F. 37].
weorð-mynd, f.n.(m.) -i.,
honour, glory; 65; as., 1559 (wigena ~, i.e. 'sword'; cf. Lat. 'decus', 'gloria'); gp. -a, 1752; dp. -um, 8, worðmyndum, 1186.
weotena, see
wita.
weotian (witian), w2., in
weotod, pp.,
appointed, ordained, assured, destined; apf. -e, 1936; [witod, F. 26]. [OS. witod, pp.; Go. witóþ 'law'] --cp. be-witian.
wer, m.,
man; 105; gs. weres, 1352 (
male person); as. wer, 1268, [3172]; np. weras, 216, 1222, 1233, 1440, 1650; gp. wera, 120, 993 (~ ond wífa), 1731, 3000, [F. 37], weora 2947; dp. werum, 1256. [Go. waír, OHG. wer; cf. MnE.
werewolf; cp. Lat. vir 'man, hero', virile, virtue, Skt. víra 'heroic', 'hero', Av. vira, Lith. vyras, Toch. wir, OIr. fer, fir, W. gwr]
wered(**), n.,
sweet drink (mead?); as., 496. (elsewhere adj., 'sweet')
werga (wérga?), wk.adj.,
accursed, evil; gsm. wergan (gástes): 133, 1747. see werhðo.
wérge, -um, see
wérig.
(ge-)wérgian, w2.,
weary, fatigue, tire; pp. gewérgad, 2852. [wérig]
werhðo(*), f.,
torment, punishment, damnation; as., 589. [Go. wargiþa] see heoro-wearh, grund-wyrgen.
werian, w1.,
defend, protect; 541; pres. 3 sg. wereð, 453; pret. 3 sg. werede, 1205, 1448; 1 pl. weredon, 1327; pp. npm. (byrnum) werede: 238, 2529. see wergend. [Go. warjan] --Cpd.: be-.
wérig, adj.,
weary; w/ gen. (
from); (síþes) wérig, 579; dsm. (~) wérgum, 1794; w/ dat.,
exhausted (by); asf. wérge, 2937. [OS. (síð-)wórig] --Cpds.: déað-, fyl-, gúð-.
wérig-mód*, adj.,
weary-hearted, disheartened; 844, 1543.
werod, n.,
band, host, company, troop; 651; weorod, 290, 2014, 3030; gs. werodes, 259, 3154; ds. werede, 1215, weorode 1011, 2346; as. (or ap.) werod, 319; gp. weoroda, 60, wereda 2186. [OE. wer 'man'?] --Cpds.: eorl-, flet-.
wer-þéod(*), f.,
people, nation; ap. (ofer) werþéode, 899 (cp. 1705).
wesan, see
eom.
West-Dene, see
Dene.
wéste, adj. -ja.,
waste(d), deserted; asm. wéstne, 2356. [OS. wósti]
wéste(n), n. -ja.,
waste, desert, wilderness; wésten, 1265; f. -jó (Siev. §248 n.3), ds. wéstenne, 2298.
wíc, n.,
dwelling place, abode; (pl. freq. w/ sg. meaning); gp. wíca, 125, 1125; dp. wícum, 1612, 3083, wícun 1304; ap. (as.?) wíc, 821, 2589. [fr. Lat. vicus; Go. weihs, MnE.
wick, cf. Nor
wich, etc.] --Cpds.: déað-, hréa-.
ge-wícan(*), I,
give way, fail; pret. 3 sg. gewác, 2577, 2629. [cp. un-wác-líc; Ger. weichen]
wicg(*), n. -ja.,
horse; 1400; ds. wicge, 234, 286; as. wicg, 315; gp. wicga, 1045; ap. wicg, 2174.
wíc-stede*, m. -i.,
dwelling-place, home, homestead; 2462; as., 2607.
wíd, adj.,
wide, extended, spacious, gsn.wk. wídan, 1859; asn. wíd, [2473]; apm. wíde, 877, 1965; (of time,) ds.wk. wídan, 933, asm. wk. ~, 2014 (see feorh). comp. asn. wídre, 763, see ge-windan.
wíd-cúþ(**)+, adj.,
widely known, famous; nsn., 1256; gsm. -es, 1042; asm. -ne, 1489, [1991].
wíde, adj.,
widely, far and wide, far; 74, 79, 898, 1959, 2261, 2913; wíde geond eorþan: 266, 3099; wíde sprang: 18, 1588, (similarly) 2582; wíde gesýne: 1403, 2316, 2947, 3158; wíde cúð: 2135, 2923, [F. 25].
wíde-ferhð(*), m. ., in: as., adv.,
for a long time, forever, ever; [702], 937, 1222.
wíd-floga**, wk.m.,
far-flier; 2830; as. -flogan, 2346.
ge-widre, n. -ja.,
weather, storm; ap. gewidru, 1375. [weder; Ger. Gewitter]
wíd-scofen**, adj. (pp.),
pushed far, far-reaching, great; 936. [scúfan]
wíd-wegas*, m.p.,
wide-stretched ways, distant/far-extending regions; ap. (geond) ~, 840, 1704.
wíf, n.,
woman, lady; 615, 2120; gs. wífes, 1284; ds. wífe, 639, 2028 (is.); as. wíf, 1158; gp. wífe, 993. [ON. víf (arch.), OFris. wíf, OHG. wíb, Ger. weib 'woman' (somewhat vulgar, also arch.), Du. wijf 'girl, babe' (earlier, 'bitch'), MnE.
wife < Gmc. *wíbam (outside of Gmc. this word only has cognates in Tocharian, i.e. Toch.-B. kwí 'female pudenda, cunt; shame, dishonour', Toch.-A. kip '
ibid.' (< IE. *ghwíbh-): cf. Watkins (p.32), cf. Schmidt & Strunk)] --Cpds.: áglaéc-, mere-.
ge-wif (or
ge-wife) (**)+, n. -i.,
web (of destiny), fortune; ap. gewiofu, 697. [wefan]
wíf-lufu (-lufe)*, wk.f.,
love for a woman (or
wife); np. -lufan, 2065.
wíg, n. (or m.),
war, fight, warfare; 23, 1080, 2316, 2872; gs. wíges, 65, 886, 1268; ds. wíge, 1084, 1337, 2629; wigge 1656, 1770; as. wíg, 685, 1083, 1247; --
fighting force, valour; ns. wíg, 350, 1042; gs. wíges, 2323; as. wíg, 2348. --Cpd.: féðe-.
wiga, wk.m.,
warrior; 629; gp. wigena, 1543, 1559, 3115; dp. wigum, 2395. [Sc.
wie,
wy(e)] --Cpds.: æsc-, byrn-, gár-, gúð-, lind-, rand-, scyld-.
wígan(**), I,
fight; 2509. [(IE. *ueik-), Go. weihan, OHG. (ubar)wehan 'conquers', O.Ir. fichid 'fights', Lat. uincó 'conquers'] see wígend; ge-wegan.
wíg-bealu**, n. -wa.,
war-bale, war; as., 2046.
wíg-bil(l)**, n.,
battle-sword, (-bill); -bil, 1607.
wíg-bord*, n.,
battle-shield (board); as., 2339.
wíg-cræft(**)+, m.,
prowess, war-strength(/-craft/-skill); as., 2953.
wíg-cræftig**, adj.,
strong/skilful in battle; asm. -ne, 1811.
wígend(*), m. -c.,
warrior; 3099; np. wígend, 1125, 1814, 3144, [F> 47]; gp. wígendra, 429, 899, 1972, 2337; ap. wígend, 3024; [cp. ~, F. 10]. --Cpd.: gár-.
wigeð, see
wegan.
wíg-freca**, wk.m.,
warrior; as. -frecan, 2496; np. ~, 1212.
wíg-fruma**, wk.m.,
war-chief; 664; ds. -fruman, 2261.
wigge, see
wíg.
wíg-getáwa**, f. -wó.p.,
war-equipment; dp. -getáwum, 368. [cp. Go. téwa; Siev. §43 n.4] see gúð-getáwa, éored-, gryre-, hilde-geatwe.
wíg-geweorþad(**), adj. (pp.),
distinguished in battle (war-worthied); 1783. see weorðian.
wíg-gryre**, m. -i.,
war horror, martial terror/power; 1284.
wíg-heafola**, wk.m.,
war-head, i.e.
helmet; as. -heafolan, 2661.
wíg-héap**, m.,
band of warriors; 477.
wíg-hete**, m. -i.,
(war-hate), war; 2120.
wíg-hryre**, m. -i.,
fall in fight; as., 1619.
Wíg-láf, m.,
a Waégmunding, kinsman & retainer of Béowulf; 2602, 2631, 2862, 2906, 3076; vs., 2745; as. Wíláf, 2852. [wíg 'valour', 'war' or wíh, wéoh 'deity', 'idol'; láf 'remainder', 'legacy']
wíg-sigor*, (n. -c.)m.,
(war-)victory; as. (or ds.), 1554.
wíg-spéd*, f. -i.,
success in war, victory; gp. -a, 697. [
speed]
wigtig, see
wítig.
wíg-weorþung*, f.,
honouring idols, religious sacrifice; ap. -a, 176. [wíh, wéoh, 'idol', 'image' (cf. Wíg-láf, Wíh-/Wéoh-stán); cp. Go. weihs 'holy', 'sacred']
Wíh-stán, Wéoh-stán, m.,
father of Wígláf; Wéohstán, 2613; gs. Wíhstánes (sunu): 2752, 3076, 3120, 2862 (Wéoh-), 2602 (Wéox-); (byre) Wíhstánes: 2907, 3110. [wíg, wéoh 'deity', 'idol'; stán 'stone'; ON. Vésteinn]
wiht, fn. -i. (Siev. §267b & n.3),
(1) (wight), creature, being; 120; as., 3038 (fem.).
(2) anything (in negat. clauses); ns. wiht, 2601; as. ~, 581, 1660, 2348, 2857; --ds. wihte used adverbially,
in any way, at all, in negat. clauses: 186, 1514, 1995, 2277, 2464, 2687, 2923, in interr. clause: 1991; as. wiht used adverbially (in negat. clauses),
at all, 541, 862, 1083, 1735, 2854. [
wight,
whit(?); Go. waíhts] --Cpds.: áht, æl-, ó-wiht.
wil-cuma, wk.m.,
welcome person, also used like adj.; np. -cuman, 388, 394, 1894. [willa]
wildéor [wild-déor], n.,
wild beast; ap., 1430. [
deer; cf. Siev. §289]
Wilfingas, see
Wylfingas.
wil-geofa*, wk.m.,
joy-giver, lord; 2900. [willa]
wil-gesíþ*, m.,
dear companion; np. -gesíþas, 23. [willa]
willa, wk.m.,
will, wish, desire; ds. (ánes) willan ('for the sake of one'), 3077; as. willan, 635 (
good will); on ~, 1739; ofer ('against') ~, 2409, 2589; gp. wilna, 1344(?); dp. (sylfes) willum ('of his own will', 'according to his own wishes'), 2222, 2639; --
gratification, pleasure, delight, joy; ns., 626, 824; ds. willan, 1186, 1711; as. ~, 2307; dp. willum ('delightfully'), 1821; --
desirable/good thing; gp. wilna, 660, 950, 1344.
willan, anv.,
want to, wish, desire; be about to, (will); (1) w/ inf.; pres. 1 sg. wille, 344, 351, 427; wylle, 947, 2148, 2512; neg.: nelle, 679, 2524; 2 sg. wylt, 1852; 3 sg. wille, 442, 1184; wile, 346, 446, 1049, 1181, 1832; wyle, 2864; 1 pl. wyllað, 1818; [3 pl. willað, F. 9]; opt. [2 sg. wylle, F. 27]; 3 sg. wille, 979, 1314; pret. 1 sg. wolde, 2497; 3 sg. ~, 68, 154, 200, 645, 664, 738, 755, 796, 880, 1010, 1041, 1094 (opt.?), 1277, 1292, 1339, 1494, 1546, 1576, 1791, 1805, 2083, 2090, 2160, 2186, 2294, 2305, 2308, 2315, 2588, 2858, 2940, [F. 21, opt.?]; neg.: nolde, 791, 803, 812, 1523; 3 pl. woldon, 3171; opt. 1 sg. wolde, 2729; neg.: nolde, 2518; 2 sg. wolde, 1175; 3 sg. ~, 988, 990, 2376; 1 pl. woldon, 2636; 3 pl. ~, 482.
(2) without inf.; w/ omission of verb of motion: pres. 1 sg. wille, 318; opt. 3 sg. ~, 1371; pret. 1 sg. wolde, 543, cp. 2497 (wesan understood); w/ inf. understood from preceding verb: pres. 3 sg. (fremme sé þe!
) wille, 1003, similarly: 1394, 2766 (wylle); pret. 3 sg. wolde, 1055, 3055; neg., abs.: (þá metod) nolde ('willed it not'), 706, 967. [Go. wiljan, Ger. wollen]
wilnian, w2.,
desire, ask for (gen.); w/ tó (
from, at); 188.
wil-síð(*), m.,
wished-for journey; as., 216. [willa]
wín, n.,
wine; ds. wíne, 1467; as. wín, 1162, 1233. [fr. Lat. vinum; Go. wein]
wín-ærn(**)+, n.,
wine-hall; gs. -es, 654.
wind, m.,
wind; 1374, 1907; ds. -e, 217, 1132. [Go. winds]--Cpd.: norþan-.
win-dæg(**), m.,
day or labour/strife; dp. windagum, 1062. see winnan, ge-win(n).
windan, III,
(1) intr.,
wind, fly, curl, eddy; pret. 3 sg. wand, 1119; 3 pl. wundon, 212.
(2) trans.,
twist; pp. wunden (gold, 'made into rings', 'twisted (gold)'), 1193, 3134. [Go. -windan] Cpds.: æt-, be-, on-.
ge-windan, III,
go, turn; pret. 3 sg. (on fléam) gewand, 1001; --inf. (wídre) gewindan,
reach by flight (a more remote place), 763.
wind-blond**, n.,
tumult of winds; 3146.
wind-geard**, m.,
home of the winds; 1224.
windig, adj.,
windy; asf. windge, 2456; apm. windige, 572, 1358.
wine(*), m. -i.,
friend, (friendly) lord/protector; 30, 148, 2101; gs. wines, 3096; ds. wine, 170; as. ~, 350, 376, 2026; vs. ~, 1183, wine (mín): 457, 530, 1704, (mín) wine 2047; gp. winigea, 1665; --applied to retainers (cp. mágas): gp. winia 2567, dp. winum, 1418. [OS. OHG. wini, ON. vinr, Dan. ven; cf. Go. winja 'grass-field, 'fodder'] --Cpds.: fréa-, fréo-, gold-, gúð-, maég-; Ing-.
wine-drihten*, m.,
friend and lord; ds. -drihtne, 360; as. -drihten, 862, 1604; -dryhten, 2722, 3175.
wine-geómor**, adj.,
mourning one's friends; 2239.
wine-léas*, adj.,
friendless (ref. to exile); dsm. -um, 2613.
wine-maég*, m.,
friend and kinsman, retainer; np. -mágas, 65.
winia, winigea, see
wine.
ge-win(n), n.,
strife, struggle, contest, fight; gs. gewinnes, 1721; as. gewin, 798 (see dréogan), 877, 1469 (
turmoil);
strife, hardship; ns. gewin, 133, 191; as. ~, 1781. --Cpds.: fyrn-, ýð-.
winnan, III,
contend, fight, struggle; imp. pl. winnað [F. [12]]; pret. 2 sg. wunne, 506; 3 sg. wan, 144, 151, won 1132; 3 pl. wunnon, 113, 777. [Go. winnan; OE. (ge-)winnan>MnE.
win]
wín-rece*, n.,
wine-hall; as., 714, 993.
wín-sele*, m. -i.,
wine-hall; 771; ds., 695; as., 2456.
winter, m.,
(1) winter; 1132, 1136; gs. wintrys, 516; as. winter, 1128.
(2) pl. (in reckoning),
years ('winters'); gp. wintra, 147, 264, 1927, 2209, 2278, 2733, 3050; dp. wintrum (fród), 1724, 2114, 2277. [Go. wintrus] --cp. syfan-wintre.
ge-wiofu, see
ge-wif.
wír*, m.,
wire, metal band, ornament; gp. -a, 2413; dp. -um, 1031.
wís, adj.,
wise; 1845, 3094 (
sound in mind); nsf., 1927; nsm.wk. wísa, 1400, 1698, 2329; asm.wk. wísan, 1318; gpm. wísra, 1413 [< Gmc. *wíssaz < IE. *weid- 'to see' (Watkins 96:weid-/Pokorny 2.
u(e)di- [misprint for
u(e)id-] 1126); cf. OFr. guise 'manner' (> MnE. guise) < Gmc. *wíssaz]. see add. related etyml. notes under OE.
witan.
wísa*, wk.m.,
leader; 259. [cp. wísian] --Cpds.: brim-, here-, hilde-.
wíscan (wýscan), w1.,
wish; pret. 3 pl. wíston, 1604.
wís-dóm, m.,
wisdom; 350; ds. -e, 1959 [wís].
wíse, wk.f.,
wise, way, manner, fashion; as. ealde wísan (semi-adv.), 'after the old fashion', 1865. (cp. 'Blickling Homilies' 177.33: óðre wísan)
wís-fæst(*), adj.,
wise; nsf., 626.
wís-hycgende**, adj. (pres. ptc.),
wise in thought; 2716.
wísian, w2.,
show the way, guide, direct, lead; abs.: pret. 3 sg. wísode, 402; w/ dat. of pers.: pres. 1 sg. wísige, 292, 3103; pret. 3 sg. wísode, 320, 1663; wísade (w/ adv. of motion): 370, 1795; --w/ acc.,
show/lead the way to (a place); inf., 2409; pret. 3 sg. wísade, 208. [Go. -weisón]
ge-wis-líce, adv.,
certainly; supl. -lícost, 1350. [
iwis, ywis (arch.); cf. Go. unwiss, Ger gewiss]
wisse, -on, see
witan.
wist, f. -i.,
(sustenance), feast(ing), abundance, prosperity; ds. -e, 128, 1735. [wesan; cf. Go. biwisan 'take pleasure']
wiste, -on, see
witan.
wist-fyllo**, wk.f.,
fill of feasting, plentiful meal; gs. -fylle, 734.
wíston, see
wíscan.
wit(t), n. -ja.,
wit, intelligence; wit, 589. --Cpds.: fyr-, ge-.
ge-wit(t), n. -ja.,
intellect, senses, wit; ds. gewitte, 2703; --
(seat of intellect), head; ds. ~, 2882. [see wit(t)]
wit, pers. pron., see
ic. [Go. wit]. see
witan below for etyml. notes.
wita, wk.m.,
wise man, councilor, advisor; np. witan, 778; gp. witena, 157, 266, 936; weotena, 1098. [witan] --Cpds.: fyrn-, rún-.
witan, pret-pres.,
know; witan, 252, 288; pres. 1 sg. wát, 1331, 1830, 1863, 2534, 2656; neg. (ic) nát (hwylc, cp. náthwylc), 274; 2 sg. wást, 272; 3 sg. wát, 2650; neg. nát, 681; opt. 3 sg. wite, 1367; pret. 3 sg. wisse, 169, 715, 1309, 2339, 2410, 2725; wiste, 646, 764, 821; 2 pl. wisson, 246; 3 pl. wiston, 181, 798, 878; opt. 1 sg. wiste, 2519. [(to)
wit,
wot,
wist; < Gmc. *witan < IE. *wid- < IE. *weid- 'to see' (Watkins 96:weid-/Pokorny 2.
u(e)di- [misprint for
u(e)id-] 1126); cf. Gr. 'ιστωρ 'wise, learned, learned man' (> MnE. history, story), Gr. ιδεα 'appearance, form' (> MnE. idea), Gr. 'Αιδης 'the underworld' (> MnE. Hades) < IE. *wid-es-yá-; cf. OIr. find 'white', Celt. *wid- 'seer', e.g. Celt. *drui-wid- 'druid, wizard'; cf. Skt. veda
h 'knowledge > holy text']. see OE.
wís for add. relat!
ed etyml. notes.
ge-witan, pret-pres.,
know, ascertain; 1350 [witan].
wítan, I, w/ dat. of pers. & acc. of thing,
lay to (somebody's) charge; 2741 [< Gmc. *wítan 'to look after, guard, ascribe to, reproach' - see further etyml. notes under OE.
wís]. --Cpds.: æt-, oð-.
ge-wítan, I,
depart, go; in many instances (marked*) followed by verb of motion; freq. w/ reflex. pron.; 42; pres. 3 sg. gewíteð, 1360, 2460; imp. pl. gewítaþ, 291*; pret. 3 sg. gewát, 26*, 115*, 123*, 210, 217, 234*, 662, 1236, 1263*, 1274*, 1601, 1902*, 1963*, 2387*, 2401*, 2471, 2569*, 2623 (of ealdre ~), 2819*, 2949*, 3044*, [F. 43*]; 3 pl. gewiton, 301*, 853*, 1125*. see forð-gewiten, wutun.
wítig(*), adj.,
wise; wítig (god): 685, 1056; ~ (drihten), 1554; wigtig (~), 1841 [witan].
wítnian, w2.,
punish, torment; pp. gewítnad, 3073. [wíte; cf. Go. fraweitan]
witod, see
weotian.
ge-wittig, adj.,
wise, conscous; 3094. (cf. Ælfric, 'Homilies' ii.24.12, 142.19: gewittig 'in one's senses') [wit(t)]
wið, prep., w/ dat. & w/ acc. (marked*); basic meaning
against; (motion:)
against, opposite, near, towards; 213, 326*, 749*, 1977*, 1978, 2013*, 2560, 2566*, 2673* (
as far as), 2925*, 3049 (
in); (w/ fón, grápian, wiðgrípan:) 439, 1566, 2520, 2521; --(opposition, fighting, defence, protection:)
against, with; 113, 144, 145, 152*, 174, 178, 294*, 319*, 384 (*?), 440, 506(*?), 540*, 550, 660, 827, 1132, 1549a*, 1549a*, (1997*), 2341, 2371, 2400, 2839, 2914*, 3004; --(mutual relation, behaviour:)
towards, with; 155*, 811*, 1173*, 1864a*, 1864a*, 1954*; (conversation, transaction:)
with, 365, 424*, 425, 426, cp. 1997* (agreement); (similarly:) 523, 2528*; --(association, sharing:)
with; 1088*, 2534(*?), 3037*; --(mingling, close contact:) 1880 (
within), 2600 (
with); --(separation:)
from, 733, 2423. --(note interchange of acc. & dat.: 424-24f.; 1977-81) [cp. Dan. ved, Sw!
ed. vid, Ger. wider]
Wiðer-gyld, m.,
a Heaðo-Bard warrior; 2051. [wiðer 'hostile'; gyld 'reward', 'sacrifice']
wiðer-ræhtes**, adv.,
opposite; 3039. [wið; Go. wiþra; riht]
wið-fón**, redup., w/ dat.,
lay hold of/on; pret. 3 sg. -féng, 760.
wið-grípan**, I,
grapple with; 2521.
wið-habban, w3., w/ dat.,
hold out against, withstand; pret. 3 sg. -hæfde, 772.
wiðre*, n. -ja.,
resistance; gs. wiðres, 2953. [cp. Ger. wider]
wlanc, see
wlonc.
wlátian*, w2.,
gaze, look out for (w/ gen.); pret. 3 sg. wlátode, 1916. [wlítan; Go. wlaitón]
wlenco, wk.f.,
pride, high spirit, daring; ds. (for) wlenco: 338, 1206, (~) wlence, 508. [wlonc]
wlítan*, I,
look, gaze; pret. 3 sg. wlát, 1572; 3 pl. wliton, 1592, wlitan 2852. --Cpd.: giond-.
wlite, m. -i.,
countenance, appearance, beauty; 250. [Go. wlits; wlítan]
wlite-beorht*, adj.,
beautiful, fair, sublime; asm. -ne, 93.
wlite-séon**, f. -i.,
sight, spectacle; 1650. cp. wundor-síon.
wlitig, adj.,
beautiful; asn., 1662.
wlonc, adj.,
proud, high-spirited, bold, daring; 331; wlanc, 341; gs. wlonces, 2953;
proud of, glorying in, w/ gen.: wlonc 2833, w/ dat.: wlanc 1332. --Cpd.: gold-.
wóc, see
wæcnan.
wóh, adj.,
crooked, perverse; dpn. wóm, 1747. [Go. (un-)wáhs]
wóh-bogen**, adj. (pp.),
bent, coiled; 2827. [búgan]
wolcen, n.,
cloud; pl.
clouds, sky, welkin; dp. (tó) wolcnum: 1119, 1374; (under) wolcum: 8, 651, 714, 1631, 1770 (in 8 & 1770='on earth'); [F. 8].
wolde, see
willan.
wollen-téar**, adj.,
with welling/gushing tears; npm. -e, 3032. [pp. of *wellan, ON. vella; cp. weallan]
wóm, see
wóh.
wom(m), m.,
stain, blot, evil; dp. womum, 3073 (perh. semi-adv.,
grievously). [Go. wamm, wamms]
won, pret., see
winnan.
won(n), adj.,
dark, black; nsn. won, 1374; wk.m. wonna, 3024, 3115; dsf. wanre, 702; npn. wan, 651. [
wan]
wong(*), m.,
plain, field, land, country, place; ds. wonge, 2242, 3039, wange 2003; as. wong, 1413, 2409, 3073, wang 93, 225; np. wongas, 2462. [Go. waggs] --Cpds.: freoðo-, grund-, meodo-, saé-.
wong-stede*, m. -i.,
place; ds., 2786.
won-hýd (-hygd)*, fn. -i.,
recklessness; dp. -um, 434. [cp. wana; Go. wans; MnE.
want]
Won-réd, m.,
a Geat, father of Eulf and Eofor; gs. -es, 2971. [won 'wanting', 'void of'; réd 'counsel']
Won-réding, m.,
son of Wonréd (i.e.
Wulf); 2965.
won-saélí (-sælig)*, adj.,
unhappy; 105. [Go. wans 'lacking']
won-sceaft(*), f. -i.,
misery; as., 120.
wóp, m.,
weeping, lamentation; 128; ds. wópe, 3146; as. wóp, 785. [Go. wópjan]
worc, see
weorc.
word, n.,
word; 2817; gs. -es, 79, 2791; ds. (is.) -e, 2156; as. word, 315, 341, 390, 654, 2046, 2551; np. ~, 612, 639; gp. worda, 289 (~ ond worca), 398, 2246, 2662, 3030 (wyrda né ~); dp. wordum, 30, 176, 366, 387, 626, 874, 1172, 1193, 1318, 1492, 1811, 1980, 2058, 2669, 2795, 3175; ~ (né worcum), 1100, weordum (ond ~), 1833; ap. word, 870. [Ger. Wort; cp. Lat. verbum] --Cpds.: béot-, gylp-, léafnes-, meþel-, þrýð-.
word-cwide(*), m. -i.,
words, speech; gp. -cwida, 1845; dp. -cwydum, 2753; ap. -cwydas, 1841. [cweðan]
word-gyd(d)**, n. -ja.,
lay, elegy; as. -gyd, 3172.
word-hord*, n.,
word-hoard, store of words, (vocabulary); as., 259.
word-riht*, n.,
(word-right), right word, censure; gp. -a, 2631.
worhte, see
wyrcan.
worn, m.,
large number, great quantity; freq. w/ partit. gen.; as., 264, 870, 2114 (
many things), [3154]; --combined w/ eall: as. worn eall, 3094 (
a great many things), w/ fela: ns. worn fela, 1783; as., 530, cp. 870. --gp. (partit. gen. depending on fela): worna fela, 2003, 2542 (cp. Go. manageins filu).
worold, f.,
world; (eal) worold, 1738 ('everything'); gs. worolde, 950, 1062 (~ brúceð, cp. Lat. mundo uti, 'live'), 1080, 1387, 1732; worulde, 2343, 3068, worlde 2711; as. worold, 60, 1183, 1681. [OHG. weralt, Ger. Welt]
worold-ár(**)+, f.,
worldly honour; as. -e, 17.
worold-cyning*, m.,
(earthly) king; wyruldcyning, 3180; gp. -a, 1684.
worðig, m.,
enclosed homestead, precinct(s); farm; as., 1972.
worð-mynd, see
weorð-mynd.
woruld-candel**, f.,
world-candle (sun); 1965.
woruld-ende**, m. -ja.,
end of the world; ds., 3083.
worold-raédend**, m. -c.,
worldly practice, i.e.,
vengeance; ds. -e, 1142.
wracu, f.,
revenge, vengeance, punishment; as. wræce, 2336, 3060. [wrecan; Go. wraka] --Cpds.: gyrn-, nýd-.
wraéc, n., (f.?, see B.-T.),
misery, distress; exile; 170; as., 3078. [cp.
wrack,
wreck; wrecan; Go. wrékei]
wræcca, see
wrecca.
wræce, see
wracu.
wræc-lást (wraéc-?)*, m.,
track/path of exile; ap. -as, 1352.
wræc-mæcg (wraéc-?)*, m. -ja.,
banished man, outcast; np. -as, 2379. see mago.
wræc-síð (wraéc-?), m.,
exile, misery; as., 2292; dp. -um, 338. [OS. wrak-síð]
wraét(t)*, f.,
ornament, work of art; gp. wraétta, 2413; dp. wraéttum, 1531; ap. wraéte, [2771].
wraét-líc(*), adj.,
ornamental, splendid, wondrous; nsf., 1650; asm. -ne, 891, 2173; asn. -líc, 1489, 2339.
wráð, adj.,
hostile (subst.:
foe),
fierce; dsm. wráþum, 660, 708; asn. (or p.) wráð, 319; gp. wráðra, 1619. [
wroth; OS. wréð; cp. OE. wríþan]
wráðe, adv.,
grievously; 2872.
wráð-líce(**), adv.,
cruelly, severely; 3062.
wrecan, V,
drive, force; pp. wrecen, 2962;
drive out; pret. 3 sg. wræc, 2706; --
recite, utter; inf., 873, 3172; pres. opt. 3 sg. wrece, 2446; pret. 3 sg. wræc, 2154; pp. wrecen, 1065; --
avenge; inf., 1278, 1339, 1546; pres. opt. 3 sg. wrece, 1385; pret. 1 sg. wræc, 423, 1669; 3 sg. ~, 1333. [
wreak; Go. wrikan] --Cpds.: á-, for-; un-wrecen. see wrecend.
ge-wrecan, V,
avenge, punish; pret. 1 sg. gewræc, 2005; 3 sg. ~, 107, 2121, 2395, 2875; 3 pl. gewraécan, 2479; pp. gewrecen, 3062.
wrecca, wk.m.,
exile (wretch), adventurer, hero; 1137; [wreccea, F. [25]]; ds. wræcca, 2613; gp. wreccena, 898. [
wretch; OS. wrekkio, Ger. Recke; cp. wrecan]
wrecend, m. -c.,
avenger; 1256.
wreoþen-hilt**, adj.,
with twisted hilt; nsn., 1698. [wríþan] (Cf. Stjerna, 23f.)
wrídian, w2.,
grow, flourish; pres. 3 sg. wrídað, 1741.
wrítan, I,
cut, engrave (write); pp. writen, 1688. [cf. Go. writs, Ger. ritzen, reissen] --Cpd.: for-.
(ge-)wríþan, I,
(twist), bind; 964; --
bind up; pret. 3 pl. wriðon, 2982; inf. gewríðenne, 2216. [
writhe] cp. hand-gewriþen; béah-wriða.
wrixl, f.,
exchange; ds. -e, 2969. [cp. Ger. Wechsel]
wrixlan, w1., w/ dat.,
change, vary, exchange; (wordum) wrixlan: 366, 874.
ge-wrixle, n. -ja.,
exchange; 1304. [see wrixl]
wróht, f.,
(accusation), quarrel, strife; 2287, 2473, 2913. [cp. wrégan; Go. wróhs]
wudu, m. -u.,
wood; tree(s): ns., 1364; as., 1416;--
spear; as. (or p.), 398;--
ship; ns., 298, 581; as., 216, 1919. --Cpds.: baél-, bord-, gomen-, heal-, holt-, mægen-, saé-, sund-, þrec-; Hrefna-.
wudu-réc**, m. -i.,
wood-smoke; [3144]. [
reek]
wuldor, n.,
glory, splendour, honour; gs. wuldres, 17, 183, 931, 1752. [Go. wulþrs, cp. wulþus] --Cpd.: kyning-.
wuldor-torht*, adj.,
gloriously bright; npn.wk. wuldortorhtan, 1136.
wuldur-cyning(*), m.,
king of glory (=god); ds. -e, 2795.
wulf, m.,
wolf; as., 3027. [Go. wulfs, MDu. wolf, wulf, OHG. wolf, Frank. *wulf < Gmc. *wulfaz < IE. w
lk
wo- 'wolf' (Watkins 102:w
lk
wo-/Pokorny
ulk
uos 1176); cf. L. lupus 'wolf', Skt. v
rkas, Gr. λυκος 'wolf', Gr. λυσσα 'martial rage, madness, rabies (<'wolf-ness')' < taboo variant IE. *luk
wo- 'wolf']
Wulf, m.,
a Geat (warrior), son of Wonréd, brother of Eofor; 2965; ds. -e, 2993. [wulf 'wolf']
Wulf-gár, m.,
an (Wendle) official at the court of Hróðgár; 348, 360. [wulf 'wolf'; gár 'spear']
wulf-hliþ**, n.,
wolf-slope, retreat of wolves; hills with wolf-inhabited caves? (Gelling 8-9)
ap. -hleoþu, 1358.
wund, f.,
wound; 2711, 2976; as. -e, 2531, 2725, 2906; dp. -um, 1113, 2687, 2830, 2937; [ap. -a, F. 47]. --Cpd.: feorh-.
wund, adj.,
wounded; 2746, [F. 43]; dsm. -um, 2753; npm. -e, 565, 1075. [Go. wunds]
wunden-feax**, adj.,
with (wound) plaited/braided hair, with curly mane; nsn., 1400. (cp. wundenloc(c))
wunden-gold, n.,
wound gold; 1193, 3134; ds. wundungolde, [1382] (MS wun/dmi, usually em. to wund[num]).
wunden-hals**, adj.,
with (wound) curved (neck i.e.
) prow; 298.
wunden-maél**, n.,
sword with (wound) curved/twisting markings, i.e.
damascened/pattern-welded sword; as., 1531. see brodgen-maél.
wunden-stefna**, wk.m.,
ship with (wound) curved (stem) prow; 220.
wunder-fæt**, n.,
wonderful vessel; dp. wunderfatum, 1162. [
vat]
wundor, n.,
wonder, wonderful thing; 771, 1724, wundur 3062; ds. wundre, 931; as. wundor, 840; wunder, 931; wundur, 2759 (?), 3032, 3103(?); gp. wundra, 1509(
strange beings, monsters), 1607; dp. (adv.) wundrum,
wonderfully, 1452; ap. wundur, 2759, 3103. --Cpds.: hond-, níð-, searo-.
wundor-bebod**, n.,
strange/mysterious command (advice); dp. wundorbebodum, 1747.
wundor-déað**, m.,
wondrous death; ds. wundordéaðe, 3037.
wundor-líc, adj.,
wonderful, strange; 1440.
wundor-síon**, f. -i.,
wondrous sight; gp. wundorsíona, 995.
wundor-smiþ**, m.,
wonder-smith, smith who makes wondrous things or
smith who works by wondrous art; gp. wundorsmiþa, 1681.
wundur-máððum**, m.,
wondrous jewel/treasure; as., 2173.
wunian, w2.,
dwell, live, remain, continue, be situated; 3083 (w/ dat. [instr.]: wícum), 3128; pres. 3 sg. wunað, 284, 1735, 1923; pret. 3 sg. wunode, 1128, 2242; --w/ acc.,
(*)inhabit, occupy; inf., 1260; pres. 3 sg. wunað, 2902. [
won (Sc., obs.),
wont; Ger. wohnen; cf. Go. unwunands]
ge-wunian, w2., w/ acc.,
*remain with, stand by (somebody); pres. opt. 3 pl. gewunigen, 22.
wurð- see
weorð-.
wutun, see
uton.
wyl(l)e, wyllað, wylt, see
willan.
Wylfingas, m.p.,
a Germanic tribe (prob. south of the Baltic sea) (possibly connected with the East Anglian Wuffings - see Newton); dp. Wylfingum, 471, Wilfingum 461. [wulf 'wolf'; ON. Ylfingar].
wylm,m. -i.,
welling, surging, flood; 516, 1764, 2269, wælm, 2546; gs. wælmes, 2135 (
surging water); as. wylm, 1693; ap. wylmas, 2507. [weallan] --Cpds.: bréost-, brim-, bryne-, cear-, fýr-, heaðo-, holm-, saé-, sorh-.
wyn(n), f. -jó. (-i.),
joy, delight, pleasure; wyn, 2262; ds. wynne, 2014; as. ~, 1080, 1730, 1801 (heofones ~, 'sun'), 2107, [2727]; dp. wynnum, 1716, 1887. [see wyn-sum; Ger. Wonne; cp. Lat. venus 'loveliness'] --Cpds.: éðel-, hord-, líf-, lyft-, symbel-.
wyn-léas*, adj.,
joyless; asm. -ne, 1416; ap.(s.?)n. -léas, 821.
wyn-sum, adj.,
joyous, pleasant, fair, winsome; asm.wk. -an, 1919; npn. -e, 612.
wyrcan, w1.,
work, do, make; 930; pret. 3 sg. worhte, [92], 1452; w/ gen.
acquire, endeavour to win: pres. opt. 3 sg. wyrce, 1387 (cp. 1471). [Go. waúrkjan] --Cpd.: be-.
ge-wyrcan, w1.,
make, perform, carry out accomplish, achieve; 1660; gewyrcean, 69, 2337, 2802, 2906; pres. 1 sg. gewyrce, 1491; pret. 3 sg. geworhte, 1578, 2712; 3 pl. geworhton, 3156; opt. 1 sg. geworhte, 635 ('gain'); 2 pl. geworhton, 3096; pp. geworht, 1696; apm. (fæste) geworhte ('disposed'), 1863; w/ þæt-clause,
bring (it) about (that): inf. gewyrcean, 20.
wyrd, f. -i.,
fate, destiny; 455, 477, 572, 734 (
destined), 1205, 2420, 2526, 2574, 2814; as., 1056, 1233;
event, fact, gp. -a, 3030. [
weird; weorðan]
wyrdan, w1.,
injure, destroy; pret. 3 sg. wyrde, 1337. [Go. (fra-)wardjan; weorðan] --Cpd.: á-.
wyrm, m. -i.,
serpent; ap. -as, 1430;
dragon, (wyrm, worm): ns., 897, 2287, 2343, 2567, 2629, 2669, 2745, 2827; gs. wyrmes, 2316, 2348, 2759, 2771, 2902; ds. wyrme, 2307, 2400, 2519; as. wyrm, 886, 891, 2705, 3039, 3132. [Go. waúrms, ON. ormr, OS. OHG. wurm < Gmc. *wurmiz (cf. Lat. uermis) < IE. *w
rmi- 'worm' (Watkins 99:wer-
3/Pokorny 3.
uer- 1153), rhyme-word to IE. *k
wrmi- > Skt. k
rmi- 'worm' > Skt. k
rmi-ja- '(red dye) produced by worms' > Arabic qirmiz 'kermes (=red dye)' > MnE. crimson] see draca.
wyrm-cyn(n), n. -ja.,
race of serpents; gs. -cynnes, 1425.
wyrm-fáh**, adj.,
serpent-patterned, (as applied to sword, i.e.,
pattern-welded, damascened); nsn., 1698. (cf. Stjerna 22, 29; cp. brogden-maél, waég-sweord)
wyrm-hord**, n.,
dragon's (wyrm's) hoard; wk.gs.(?), (?)wyrmhordan, or (?)wyrmhorda (gp.?), or (?)wyrmhordas (gs. : -as as reverse spelling as usu. gs. -es, Köberl, pers. comm.), [2221].
wyrp, f. -jó.,
change (for the better); as., -e, 1315. [weorpan]
ge-wyrpan, w1., refl.,
recover; pret. 3 sg. (hyne) gewyrpte, 2976. [see wyrp]
wyrsa, compar. (cp. posit. yfel),
worse; gsn. (or p.) wyrsan, 525; dsf. ~, 2969; asn. wyrse, 1739;
inferior (applied to foreigners, enemies): asm. wyrsan (wíg-frecan), 2496; npm. ~ (~), 1212. [Go. waírsiza]
wyrt, f. -i.,
root; dp. -um, 1364. [
wort; Go. waúrts]
wyrðe, adj. -ja., w/ gen.,
worthy of, fit for; npm., 368; comp. nsm. wyrðra, 861; --
entitled to, possessed of; asm. wyrðne (gedón), 2185. [weorð; Go. waírþs] --Cpds.: fyrd-, hord-.
wyruld-, see
worold-.